Basement windows can improve natural light and emergency egress, but they need proper protection from soil and water. Installing a window well not only keeps dirt and water away but also improves safety and ventilation. Here’s a clear, step-by-step guide combining professional techniques with homeowner-friendly instructions.
1. Plan and Measure
Determine the size of the window well based on your basement window and local building codes.
Check for underground utilities before digging.
Gather materials: corrugated metal or plastic window well, gravel, screws, level, shovel, and landscape fabric.
2. Excavate the Area
Mark the outline of the window well on the ground.
Dig a hole at least 12 inches wider than the well on all sides and as deep as the window sill.
Slope the bottom slightly away from the house for drainage.
3. Prepare Drainage
Lay a 2–3 inch layer of gravel at the bottom of the excavation.
If local code requires, connect a perforated drain pipe to direct water away from the foundation.
Place landscape fabric over gravel to prevent soil from mixing in.
4. Install the Window Well
Position the well against the foundation wall so the top edge sits slightly above ground level.
Level the well and mark anchor points.
Drill holes and secure the well with provided anchors or screws.
5. Backfill and Secure
Fill the space between the well and soil with gravel to improve drainage.
Backfill remaining soil around the well, keeping the top slightly above grade.
Compact soil gently to avoid shifting the well.
6. Optional Covers and Finishing Touches
Install a clear window well cover to keep debris and rain out.
Add steps or a ladder if the window well serves as an emergency egress.
Landscape around the well to divert water away from the foundation.
Conclusion
Properly installed window wells protect your basement from water and soil intrusion while increasing natural light and safety. With careful planning, correct drainage, and secure installation
, your basement windows will stay functional and protected for years to come.